1 · WHAT THE MOON IS DOING
THE MOON · THE CALENDAR · THE REASON
The crescent calendar.
Islam beside the sky.
Follow the Moon and Venus/Peh through an Islamic lunar month. Read the religious observance beside the Tephras / Lix Tetrax comparison.
Loading the Tehran sky and calendar…
TEPHRAS / LIX TETRAX × ISLAMIC LUNAR CALENDAR
The same days, viewed side by side.
Moon–Venus geometry uses the selected Tehran time on every listed day. The sunset column uses each day’s actual calculated sunset. “Close” means a declared 3° full angular separation; it is a comparison setting, not a rule given by the Testament or an Islamic month-start criterion.
| Islamic day / observance | Moon itself | Moon–Venus / Peh | Moon at sunset in Tehran |
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2 · WHY THIS DATE MATTERS RELIGIOUSLY
Read the month’s full religious context
3 · WHERE TO LOOK FROM TEHRAN
Azimuth: 0° north, 90° east, 180° south, 270° west. Altitude is geometric. The horizon is flat in the calculation; mountains and weather affect real viewing. Rise/set times are not the religious dawn or evening-prayer rulings.
4 · WHICH NEW MOON DOES THIS BELONG TO?
The cycle’s origin
Astronomical conjunction starts the phase cycle. The visible waxing crescent is a later observational event used in traditional month reckoning. This view does not declare a crescent sighting.
How crescent visibility works ↗5 · THE RELIGIOUS SOURCE CHAIN
Why a waxing crescent?
Qur’an 2:189: crescents serve as markers of time and pilgrimage.
Qur’an 10:5: the Moon’s stages are linked with reckoning years and time.
Qur’an 2:185–187: Ramadan is the fasting month; the daily fast runs from dawn until night.
Religious law: the month’s establishment depends on the authority’s rules for sighting and reliable evidence, or completion of thirty days. It is not selected by a Venus aspect.
A waxing crescent follows conjunction and can begin a new month. A waning crescent belongs to the closing part of the old phase cycle. Neither has one permanent compass direction.
Crescents and time ↗ · Shi‘a month-establishment rules ↗Ramadan, annual drift and eclipses
Ramadan moves roughly 10–11 days earlier through the solar year. Its sampled Sun position therefore shifts back about 10–11° per year. That is a calendar drift, not the Sun slowing down. An eclipse also requires alignment near a lunar node; most new and full moons are not eclipses.
The cited Shi‘a rules prescribe a Prayer of Signs for relevant eclipses. That event has its own timing; it does not define Ramadan.
Eclipse geometry ↗ · Prayer of Signs ↗6 · TEPHRAS / LIX TETRAX · YOUR COMPARISON
The horn and Moon–Peh
Conybeare §33 describes a star at the Moon’s horn when found in the south. This calendar explores the crescent Moon and Venus / Peh as your proposed pairing.
The historical clue is the horn and south. The Venus identification is your proposal; the passage does not name Venus. Compass direction, phase and separation remain visible measurements.
Read the historical passage ↗ · Open your Seasons register ↗HEAR THE MEANING · READ THE TEACHING
What is actually recited?
The selection below follows named Shi‘a recitation recommendations. Al-Fatiha is the recurring foundation; recommended additional chapters can change for Friday or Thursday-night Isha.
Read the Arabic alongside the English
Recorded Arabic reference: AbdulBaset AbdulSamad. English is browser speech. Neither is a recording of a Tehran imam’s selected-day service.
Open the daily recitation guide → · Read all 29 openings and their commentaries →